Ransomware is also known for which of the following?

Ransomware is a type of malicious software specifically designed to block access to a computer system or data until a ransom is paid. Cryptolocker is one of the most notorious examples of ransomware; it encrypts the user’s files and demands a ransom in exchange for the decryption key. This specific naming establishes a direct connection to the nature of ransomware, illustrating how it operates by securing files through encryption and requiring payment for release.

In contrast, the other categories mentioned—spyware, Trojans, and adware—serve different malicious purposes. Spyware is used to gather information from a computer without the user's consent, Trojans are deceptive programs that trick users into installing them by appearing harmless, and adware primarily focuses on serving unwanted advertisements and tracking user behavior. Each of these has a distinct functionality and risk profile that differs fundamentally from the characteristics of ransomware and its operational tactics.