What does McGregor's Theory X suggest about employees' nature?

McGregor's Theory X posits a rather pessimistic view of employees, suggesting that individuals inherently dislike work and must be closely supervised and controlled to achieve organizational goals. This theory assumes that employees are primarily motivated by extrinsic factors such as security and monetary rewards rather than intrinsic satisfaction or motivation to perform well.

Under Theory X, it is believed that workers will avoid responsibility, require directives, and need a structured environment with clear instructions and oversight. This perspective leads to a management style characterized by strict supervision and the implementation of control mechanisms to ensure compliance and productivity. The other options reflect more optimistic views of employee behavior, focusing on collaboration, performance without supervision, and a natural inclination towards teamwork, which contrasts sharply with the assumptions of Theory X.