What function does ransomware perform?

Ransomware is a type of malicious software designed to block access to a computer system or data, typically by encrypting files, until a ransom is paid to the attacker. When a user is infected with ransomware, their files are rendered inaccessible, and the attacker demands payment—often in cryptocurrency—as a condition for restoring access to the files.

The primary purpose of ransomware is to manipulate the victim's need for their data to profit from their distress. Organizations and individuals may feel pressured to pay the ransom to recover critical information, which can be detrimental if back-ups are not in place. This behavior effectively "holds data hostage" until the payment is made or until the victim decides not to pay, potentially leading to data loss or the need to seek costly recovery options.

In contrast, the other options describe functions that are not associated with ransomware. For instance, increasing computer speed or cleaning viruses does not align with the malicious intent of ransomware, which aims to cause disruption and loss. Additionally, the creation of backup copies is a proactive measure to protect data, while ransomware exploits a lack of such measures. Therefore, understanding the primary function of ransomware as holding data hostage underscores its threat to individuals and organizations.